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Description
Human PARK2 ELISA KitProduct Specification Usage Required experimental equipment: 1. Microplate reader (450nm) 2. High precision pipettes and pipette tips: 0. 5 10uL, 5 50uL, 20 200uL, 200 1000uL 3. 37C incubator 4. Distilled or deionized water Sample preparation and requirements: Tissue homogenization: Rinse the tissue with pre chilled PBS (0. 01M, pH 7. 4) to remove residual blood (lysed red blood cells in the homogenate will affect the measurement results). Weigh and
Product Specification
| Usage | Required experimental equipment:
1. Microplate reader (450nm) 2. High-precision pipettes and pipette tips: 0.5-10uL, 5-50uL, 20-200uL, 200-1000uL 3. 37°C incubator 4. Distilled or deionized water Sample preparation and requirements: Tissue homogenization: Rinse the tissue with pre-chilled PBS (0.01M, pH 7.4) to remove residual blood (lysed red blood cells in the homogenate will affect the measurement results). Weigh and mince the tissue. Add the minced tissue to the appropriate volume of PBS (generally a 1:9 weight-to-volume ratio, e.g., 1g of tissue sample to 9mL of PBS. The specific volume can be adjusted according to experimental needs and recorded. It is recommended to add protease inhibitors to the PBS) in a glass homogenizer and grind thoroughly on ice. To further lyse tissue cells, the homogenate can be sonicated or repeatedly frozen and thawed. Finally, centrifuge the homogenate at 5000×g for 5-10 minutes, and collect the supernatant for analysis. Cell Lysis Buffer: Adherent cells should be gently washed with pre-chilled PBS, then trypsinized and harvested by centrifugation at 1000×g for 5 minutes. Suspension cells can be harvested directly by centrifugation. Collected cells should be washed three times with pre-chilled PBS and resuspended in 150-200 μL of PBS per 1×10^6 cells (it is recommended to add protease inhibitors to the PBS; if the cell count is very low, reduce the PBS volume appropriately). Disrupt the cells by repeated freezing and thawing or sonication. Centrifuge the extract at 1500×g for 10 minutes at 2-8°C, and collect the supernatant for analysis. Other biological fluids: Centrifuge at 1000xg for 20 minutes, remove the supernatant, and test. Pre-test preparation: 1. Remove the test kit from the refrigerator 10 minutes in advance and equilibrate to room temperature. 2. Prepare the standard gradient working solution: Add 1 mL of universal diluent to the lyophilized standard, let it stand for 15 minutes to completely dissolve, then gently mix (concentration is 10 ng/mL). Then dilute to the following concentrations: 10 ng/mL, 5 ng/mL, 2.5 ng/mL, 1.25 ng/mL, 0.625 ng/mL, 0.3125 ng/mL, 0.15625 ng/mL, and 0 ng/mL. Serial dilution method: Take seven EP tubes and add 500uL of universal diluent to each. Pipette 500uL of the 10ng/mL standard working solution into the first EP tube and mix thoroughly to make a 5ng/mL standard working solution. Repeat this procedure for subsequent tubes. The last tube serves as a blank well; there is no need to pipette liquid from the penultimate tube. See the figure below for details. 3. Preparation of biotinylated detection antibody working solution: Centrifuge the concentrated biotinylated antibody at 1000×g for 1 minute 15 minutes before use. Dilute the 100× concentrated biotinylated antibody to a 1× working concentration with universal diluent (e.g., 10uL concentrate + 990uL universal diluent). Prepare and use immediately. 4. Prepare the enzyme conjugate working solution: 15 minutes before use, centrifuge the 100× concentrated enzyme conjugate at 1000×g for 1 minute. Dilute the 100× concentrated HRP enzyme conjugate to a 1× working concentration with universal diluent (e.g., 10 μL of concentrate + 990 μL of universal diluent). Prepare immediately. 5. Prepare the 1× wash solution: Dispense 10 mL of 20× wash solution into 190 mL of distilled water (concentrated wash solution removed from the refrigerator may crystallize; this is normal. Allow to stand at room temperature until the crystals have completely dissolved before preparing). Procedure: 1. Remove the desired strips from the aluminum foil bag after equilibration at room temperature for 10 minutes. Seal the remaining strips in a ziplock bag and return to 4°C. 2. Sample addition: Add 100 μL of sample or standard of varying concentrations to the corresponding wells. Add 100 μL of universal diluent to the blank wells. Cover with a film and incubate at 37°C for 60 minutes. (Recommendation: Dilute the sample to be tested at least 1-fold with universal diluent before adding it to the ELISA plate. This will reduce the impact of matrix effects on the test results. The sample concentration should be multiplied by the corresponding dilution factor when calculating the final sample concentration. It is recommended to run replicates for all test samples and standards.) 3. Add Biotinylated Antibody: Remove the ELISA plate and discard the liquid without washing. Add 100 μL of Biotinylated Antibody Working Solution directly to each well. Cover with a film and incubate at 37°C for 60 minutes. 4. Wash: Discard the liquid and add 300 μL of 1x Wash Solution to each well. Let stand for 1 minute, shake off the wash solution, and pat dry on absorbent paper. Repeat this process three times (a plate washer can also be used). 5. Add Enzyme Conjugate Working Solution: Add 100 μL of Enzyme Conjugate Working Solution to each well. Cover with a film and incubate at 37°C for 30 minutes. 6. Washing: Discard the liquid and wash the plate five times as in step 4. 7. Adding substrate: Add 90 μL of substrate (TMB) to each well, cover with a sealing film, and incubate at 37°C in the dark for 15 minutes. 8. Adding stop solution: Remove the ELISA plate and add 50 μL of stop solution directly to each well. Immediately measure the OD value of each well at a wavelength of 450 nm. Calculating experimental results: 1. Calculate the average OD value of the standard and sample replicates and subtract the OD value of the blank well as a correction factor. Plot the standard curve of the four-parameter logistic function on double-logarithmic graph paper, with concentration as the horizontal axis and OD value as the vertical axis. 2. If the sample OD value is higher than the upper limit of the standard curve, dilute the sample appropriately and retest. Multiply the sample concentration by the corresponding dilution factor. |
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| Theory | This kit utilizes a double-antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Sample, standard, biotin-labeled detection antibody, and HRP conjugate are sequentially added to microwells pre-coated with a Parkinson's Disease Protein 2 (PARK2) capture antibody. After incubation and washing, the sample is developed using the substrate TMB. TMB is converted to blue by HRP peroxidase and to yellow by acid. The intensity of the color is positively correlated with the amount of Parkinson's Disease Protein 2 (PARK2) in the sample. The absorbance (OD) is measured at 450 nm using a microplate reader to calculate the sample concentration. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Source | Human | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Synonym | Human Parkinson Disease Protein 2 ELISA Kit | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Detection Type | Double antibody sandwich method | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Composition |
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| Background | Parkinson's disease protein 2, also known as Parkin, is a 465-amino acid E3 ubiquitin ligase encoded by the PARK2 gene. Parkin plays a key role in ubiquitination—the process by which molecules are covalently labeled with ubiquitin (Ub) and targeted for degradation by proteasomes or lysosomes. Upon cell injury, Parkin recognizes proteins on the mitochondrial outer membrane and mediates the clearance of damaged mitochondria through autophagy and the proteasome. Parkin also enhances cell survival by inhibiting both mitochondria-dependent and -independent apoptosis. Mutations are associated with mitochondrial dysfunction, leading to the abnormal metabolism that contributes to neuronal death and tumorigenesis in Parkinson's disease. This protein is a component of the multiprotein E3 ubiquitin ligase complex, which in turn is part of the ubiquitin-proteasome system, which mediates targeted protein degradation. Mutations in this gene are known to cause a familial form of Parkinson's disease, autosomal recessive juvenile Parkinson's disease (AR-JP). Furthermore, Parkinson's disease has been described as requiring mitophagy (autophagy of mitochondria). | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| General Notes | 1. Strictly adhere to the specified incubation time and temperature to ensure accurate results. All reagents must be at room temperature (20-25°C) before use. Refrigerate reagents immediately after use. 2. Improper plate washing may result in inaccurate results. Ensure that all liquid in the wells is aspirated thoroughly before adding substrate. Do not allow the wells to dry out during incubation. 3. Remove any residual liquid and fingerprints from the bottom of the plate, as this will affect the OD value. 4. The substrate developer solution should be colorless or very light in color. Do not use substrate solution that has turned blue. 5. Avoid cross-contamination of reagents and specimens to prevent erroneous results. 6. Avoid direct exposure to strong light during storage and incubation. 7. Do not expose any reagents to bleaching solvents or the strong fumes emitted by bleaching solvents. Any bleaching agent will destroy the biological activity of the reagents in the kit. 8. Do not use expired products, and do not mix components with different product numbers and batches. 9. Recombinant proteins from sources other than the kit may not be compatible with the antibodies in this kit and will not be recognized. 10. If there is a possibility of disease transmission, all samples should be managed properly and samples and testing devices should be handled according to prescribed procedures. |
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| Storage Temp. | If the unopened kit is stored at 4°C, the shelf life is 6 months. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Test Range | 0.15-10 ng/mL | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Applications | Tissue homogenates, cell lysates, and other biological fluids |
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4.6 ★★★★★
Based on 12 reviews
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Product Reviews
★★★★★ 5
Good finish, nice wood, good price
I have done quite a lot of woodworking in my life, and this is a nice piece of work. Great finish and nice looking.
WAS THIS REVIEW HELPFUL?YesReportShare
Reviewed in the United States on October 7, 2024
★★★★★ 5
Easy install
Just installed in our bathroom. Feels solid. We have a potted plant on it now. You will want a drill bit extender to clear the shelf. I use the flexible type. Otherwise you won’t be able to get the screws in at a 90 degree angle.
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Reviewed in the United States on December 26, 2024
★★★★★ 4
Very nice, well made.
The nine-inch oak shelf is well made, and is 45 degrees. The wall where I planned to install it was not, and I suspect this is the problem some of the reviews saying the shelf was not made at 45 degrees. In my case, we removed wood a bit at a time until we achieved a good fit. We did receive all of the hardware, but beware. The plastic straight insert anchors do not snug up with the supplied screws. However we used the supplied plastic toggles with better results. The hardware is why I rate this 4 stars. Otherwise, it is a nice piece, and well worth the price.
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Reviewed in the United States on September 13, 2024
★★★★★ 5
Nice
Enjoyed the complete contents of kit, even a small bubble level and sticky patches to cover screw heads. Quality wooden shelf, good looking
WAS THIS REVIEW HELPFUL?YesReportShare
Reviewed in the United States on November 28, 2024
★★★★★ 2
Pieces missing, poor instructions, would not buy again!
Let's start with the good news: I did, eventually, get the shelves hung after a trip to the hardware store and some trial and error.
Now for the bad news:
* One of the screws holding the brace to the shelf was missing, making the shelf wobbly before I even hung it.
* The directions for hanging the shelves show a different anchor than the one that comes packaged with them. This anchor will ONLY work in sturdy drywall and it's going to leave a huge hole behind.
* The directions tell you to flip the shelf upside-down to position and mark the screw holes, BUT that means the sides of the shelf are reversed, and the hole positions do not match on each side. So if you start hammering or drilling based on those marks, they don't align and now you have extra holes in your wall.
Honestly, I regret buying these and wish I'd just chosen a free-standing shelf instead. But I made it work for me, so I guess there's that.
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Reviewed in the United States on May 26, 2023
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