ROMAN EMPIRE AURELIAN AD 270-275 BI Double-Denarius / Wreath from Woman NGC (12)

Obverse: Bust of Aurelian,
radiate, cuirassed, right.



Lettering: IMP AVRELIANVS AVG



Translation:

Imperator Aurelianus Augustus.

Supreme commander (Imperator), Aurelian, emperor (Augustus).

Reverse: Aurelian, standing left, holding spear and receiving wreath from woman

The wreath was a symbol of
victory in ancient Greek and Roman times, and references to it are still used in
modern English language, as some may term it to be a "victory wreath." A laurel
wreath, oak wreath or wreath is a circular wreath made of interlocking branches
and leaves of the bay laurel (as in laurel wreath) (Laurus nobilis, Lauraceae),
an aromatic broadleaf evergreen; or branches and leaves of other plants. In
Greek mythology, Apollo is represented wearing a laurel wreath on his head. A
wreath made of oak has connections to Jupiter, the Roman equivalent of Zeus, as
his sacred tree was the oak. In ancient Greece wreaths were awarded to victors,
both in athletic competitions, including the ancient Olympics made of wild
olive-tree known as "kotinos" (κότινος), (sc. at Olympia) and in poetic meets;
in Rome they were symbols of martial victory, crowning a successful commander
during his triumph.



The wreath symbol was used often on ancient Greek and Roman coins. The wreath on
ancient Roman coins is often depicted being held by Jupiter's (Zeus') sacred
bird, the eagle, and also Victory (Nike) and by other deities less often; and
many coins with emperors depicted wearing it; and at times, entire designs being
surrounded by a wreath.



In common modern idiomatic usage it refers to a victory. The expression "resting
on one's laurels" refers to someone relying entirely on long-past successes for
continued fame or recognition, where to "look to one's laurels" encourages an
individual to take inspiration from past achievements to conquer a fresh task.

Aurelian - Roman Emperor: 270-275 A.D.



Husband of Severina

Aurelian (Latin: Lucius Domitius Aurelianus Augustus; 9 September 214 or 215 -
September or October 275) was Roman Emperor from 270 to 275. Born in humble
circumstances, he rose through the military ranks to become emperor. During his
reign, he defeated the Alamanni after a devastating war. He also defeated the
Goths, Vandals, Juthungi, Sarmatians, and Carpi. Aurelian restored the Empire's
eastern provinces after his conquest of the Palmyrene Empire in 273. The
following year he conquered the Gallic Empire in the west, reuniting the Empire
in its entirety. He was also responsible for the construction of the Aurelian
Walls in Rome, and the abandonment of the province of Dacia.



His successes were instrumental in ending the Roman Empire's Crisis of the Third
Century, earning him the title Restitutor Orbis or 'Restorer of the World'.
Although Domitian was the first emperor who had demanded to be officially hailed
as dominus et deus (master and god), these titles never occurred in written form
on official documents until the reign of Aurelian.

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